Baksei Chamkrong Temple
Baksei Chamkrong Temple
Overview
Baksei Chamkrong Temple is a compact yet striking structure within the Angkor Archaeological Park in Cambodia. Known for its steep pyramidal design and intricate carvings, it transports visitors back to the 10th century, when it was constructed during the reign of King Rajendravarman II. Located just south of Angkor Thom and less than 100 meters from the South Gate, the temple is easily accessible from Siem Reap, making it a popular site for history enthusiasts.
Name Origin
The name “Baksei Chamkrong” translates to “The Bird Who Shelters Under Its Wings,” derived from a legend in which a bird protected King Harshavarman I with its wings. This story resonates with the temple’s enduring spirit and its role as a place of shelter and remembrance.
Architectural Style
Baksei Chamkrong Temple stands out for its durable construction, utilizing brick, laterite, and sandstone. Its design features a single brick tower on a tiered platform, reminiscent of the early Angkorian temples. The temple’s pyramid measures 27 meters across at the base and 15 meters at the summit, with an overall height of 13 meters. The brick sanctuary tower, eight meters square on a sandstone base, opens to the east, with blind doors on the other sides. Four stairways lead to the summit at the cardinal points, adding to the temple’s symmetry and balance.
Historical Significance
Built in 947, Baksei Chamkrong is one of the first temples at Angkor constructed entirely with durable materials. It is dedicated to the Hindu god Shiva and holds a special place in Cambodian history, symbolizing the enduring legacy of the Khmer civilization. The temple’s architecture and intricate carvings reflect the artistic achievements of the ancient Khmer people.
Location and Accessibility
The temple is located within walking distance of Phnom Bakheng and about 150 meters from the South Gate of Angkor Thom, allowing visitors to easily explore nearby sites. Baksei Chamkrong is accessible by tuk-tuk, bicycle, or car, providing various transportation options for visitors.
Visitor Information
The temple is open daily from 7:30 AM to 5:30 PM, with admission included in the Angkor Archaeological Park pass. Visitors typically spend at least an hour exploring the temple’s architecture and enjoying the panoramic views from the top. Although the stairways leading to the Central Sanctuary are in poor condition, visitors can appreciate the architecture and decoration by walking around the temple in a clockwise direction. Those who wish to climb to the Central Sanctuary should use the north stairway for safety.
Notable Features
Baksei Chamkrong’s intricate lintel carvings depict scenes from Hindu mythology, adding to its cultural significance. The temple’s east-facing position offers excellent sunrise views, making it a popular spot for photographers. The surrounding area provides a lush landscape for sunset photography, even though the temple itself might not be the best spot for sunset views.
Tips for Visitors
While exploring Baksei Chamkrong, visitors should wear comfortable shoes and bring sunscreen due to the hot temperatures during the day. Photography is allowed, but visitors should respect the sanctity of the site and avoid touching or climbing on ancient carvings. Approximately 150,000 visitors explore the temple each year, with an average rating of 4.2 out of 5 stars.
Wildlife and Nature
The dense forest surrounding Baksei Chamkrong is home to a variety of wildlife, including birds, butterflies, and small mammals. The serene atmosphere allows visitors to immerse themselves in nature while enjoying the temple’s unique features.
Restoration and Religious Significance
Baksei Chamkrong has undergone moderate restoration to preserve its unique structure while maintaining its ancient authenticity. As a Hindu temple dedicated to Shiva, it holds deep religious significance for the local Khmer people and Hindu devotees.